The requirements of novel writing

 Novel writing demands
Lead: novel is based on partial grasp of the whole, reflect the whole, the interception of cross-section of language arts in the form of life, varied, dynamic and colorful style characteristics of the decision of its creative talent and the need to mobilize the arts the use of skills. This from a person were based, organizational story; structure arrangements; use of stylized practices shape the typical characters; natural and social description description; details of the description and the narrative perspective and so are now more comprehensive overview of the traditional elements of fiction writing. novel from which the specific study of the novel to have some creative skills. This article is divided on the issue of the next two parts.
one should be good to people-based, well-organized plot of any novel
, the plot is indispensable. contemporary writer Wang Meng has pointed out: Critics say his novel I write there are people, there is a conflict, a plot, Why the lack of plot is not it? plot in the novel, at least played a significant role in four areas: �� novel materials, often clues to the plot development through the organization, a lot of thoughts, observations, and things are woven together the knowledge gained, to performance. only with the development of the plot, characters and character development to be reflected. �� plot of the novel, often loaded with a certain social and historical content, often the subject of the novel to the performance by the circumstances. �� resonate with readers of the novel circumstances can cause affective and evaluative emotions, and enhance the artistic appeal of the novel, to attract readers.
19 centuries ago, the plot of the novel, the novel follows the story. then the novel, characters are often based on experience, an event sequence of a spread above , the sequence of events described shop, it constitutes the novel's plot. nineteenth century, the novel has made significant progress, are different from the traditional These two concepts, there will be some new definition. Aspects of the novel 'is the story, ' 'the king died, the queen died of grief ' 'is the plot. In the circumstances, the time order is still preserved, but the causal relationship has been overshadowed. emphasized that the timing of the story, the plot to emphasize that causality. According to this definition, a story, it may constitute the framework of a plot of the novel, but the plot is different from the story. to Lu Xun's work arrangements around the storm cut braided plot, seven pounds above the troubles began, following the couple's fears to write seven pounds, and later reverted to its original state of all description, this is the story; novel also has to run through the dimly nine pounds of Granny's sigh. IX repeated nagging pounds Granny See, indifferent, not concerned. The plot and the plot of seven pounds couples blend together seamlessly, Zhang Xun Restoration reveals only a farce, after the Revolution of China's rural areas is still declining and farmers are still ignorant and backward.
Modern fiction, more people move away from a complete description of the story describes a single method, usually in order to break the structure of the story. However, the use of a variety of techniques to make the timing work remains the coherence and integrity of the plot. that be the performance of causal relationship, the plot is still intact in a changing one.
writers write novels, the plot was set up two tendencies in general: novels, writers often use sharp, thrilling performance of bizarre plot to character, the character of the place is often sharp and severe conflict and the struggle to temper the test, resulting in tension, intense, dramatic ups and downs of the atmosphere and climax. Such novel, its benefits are attractive, exciting. drawback is that too much emphasis on coincidence, the number of lost some sense of reality, people saw that . Sometimes, too much emphasis on plot, but also make the arrangement of characters doing nothing in the plot, so difficult to demonstrate character. circumstances It sought to write the variety of life itself, ordinary and simple, writing the meaning of the ordinary. such as Sun Li's halfway, meet Guizi Bing, they hide in Lotus Lake, Devils catch up to the boat, the men are ambushed in the lake, the boat sank the devils. of war writing, only a hundred words, put their attention beautiful natural scenery in the Baiyangdian Water and Water on the description of the beauty of women. plot dilute the novel, its benefits is to maintain the natural qualities of life, but handled properly, very easy to write loose tedious. Strictly speaking, the so-called out of character, show the contents of a certain social life. false, old story, who do not want to see. superficial, from the actual figures, the content does not reflect the circumstances of social life, but also who do not want to see .
writing novels, under normal circumstances, often from a particular life experience in mind. of the real life, by some event, some people moved, I feel these feelings, to write a novel, so in Based on the plot to extract more complete.
writing, the common methods of refining the plot:
(a) In accordance with the trunk full of flesh and blood
find an event in life, this incident more complete, has a certain significance. of an event of such changes are often not as large, but the accumulation of fully mobilize their own, to enrich, enrich this event. such as Wang Meng speaks of the synopsis of this novel is to listen to it, The number of passengers to 199, the story has not changed a skeleton, but to fully mobilize their own life experience, to enrich this story, full, making it flesh and blood perfusion.
(b) a face-lift, but also set the key < br> of life, to see or hear in a story, feel that this story is very interesting, but not ideal for a specific link, then the story changes a little. If Gogol Gogol and chat with some friends, hear a joke, a poor little official, loves to shoot birds, he frugally, saving two hundred rubles to buy a good shotgun. be the first time he went out hunting boat , shotguns blocked by reeds into the water. petty officials very sad, then sick in bed home, can no longer afford to climb, and later thanks to his colleagues to chip in to buy a gun given to him, be considered saved his life. Gogol later wrote, , more typical, more ideological significance.
(c) of the graft, and integrated
of kneading will hear or see many people in different locations at different times, events, through processing, transformation, integrated into their an organic whole. such as the short story old yet, he not only with the Composite material is made of two lives. one is eight or nine years ago, in gossip heard a story about an old man a place way back in La Jiao, because sleepiness fell asleep on the flatbed truck, donkey pulling his back, half way Qiayu a donkey cart to the cremation of the dead pull, pull the old man's donkey has followed all the way into the crematorium. After the old man woke up very angry, the donkeys beat a meal. When he prepared to re-pack bridle off home, do not watch horror of the donkey was kicked in the forehead, died on the spot, the results were to be cremated. another living material, is the author come when an extended stay. He met an old vet, which veteran veterinarian rich peasants, kept a lot of mules and horses at home before liberation. livestock disease, and he likes to closer observation, knowledgeable people to ask, and then treat their own way, over time, accumulated a lot of medicine. After the liberation, he specialized medical practice , after the veterinary office in the commune chief, quite prestigious, very outgoing personality. His medicine has many unique features, treatment of livestock off the hips is one example, he did drugs with a needle, do not massage, but stood opposite suddenly take the lead, after the pressure of livestock center of gravity, the strength of the hip bone with its own reset. The two stories have been irrelevant, but to transform the story of the two, comprehensive, and will form the plot of the novel .
(d) based on emotion, put together piece
of life, accumulated a lot of vivid details, fragments; but the details of the pieces there is no direct causal link between. At this time, often through their own thoughts of, emotional cues, it would be associated augmented into an organic whole. as sheng Look, they have the overall effect. According to the authors introduction, he wrote this novel, no pains to stories, but on emotion, so that details of the flow out one by one from the heart.
(e) based on cause and effect, ring derived
of life, access to a fragment of a scene, a detail that is very interesting, they feel a lack of relative independence, but also not full. Thus, based on the possibility of the fragment itself, suggestive , prescriptive, retrospective, bedding is the process of development so far, guess it is the result of the development. If Gao Xiaosheng write guest houses and farmers the difference between being poor, one night will cost nearly ten days of wages a farmer. He felt this was too poor, so a farmer wanted to go to senior night guest house, let him on the sofa, Senior Enjoy the bed and the carpet about it, show some, compare some. So he decided to let the After the rope into the city to sell the oil; sell, Senior Guest House still hanging rope and can not afford to hook to that must not be a respectable person, then leads to the Secretary Wu; then Secretary Wu Chen Huansheng why introduce it to live high class hotel? There must be there are special reasons, so try to let Chen Huansheng illness; and the illness must oncoming weight, better quickly, so we arranged for him a bad cold. Chenhuan Sheng why a bad cold? Because he did not buy a hat. Chenhuan Sheng admitted to the Senior Guest House , Secretary Wu and rush to a meeting, then, can the mere Chen Huansheng Guest House and have ample time to experience the ) based on character, derived speculation
of mature heart characters, the idea of the character will be placed on specific relationships and the environment, according to people's own personality, to speculate how would guess people do, what to do, thus conceived of a plot. such as Chekhov's alarmed, a further general apology, it was not for that matter are scared to death. this novel's plot, the character is completely based on figures derived. for a character, or if it is Zhang Fei Li Kui, will be general scared to death; for the Ah Q, probably suffered a general meal scold, he cursed in years, officials, his fate, not only because they are afraid, lost love, and is dead. fiction plot development, security is the result of the development of character. In general, based on derived character, and is derived based on cause and effect is different. we usually that the causal derivation, referring to the result by reason or by the results to the more obvious reasons, a direct causal chain, it is often the simple, single, and by certain reasons, can often derive a clear result, and there does not include the many complex causes and change. but man's character is a very complex synthesis, and always filled with a variety of contradictions and struggles, often varies with time, vary rapidly changing, there is no hard and fast mode and procedures, more than a simple causal logic of the rich with character and complexity.
no matter what kind of extracted, woven plot, should handle the relationship between the characters and plot. the usual textbooks, the plot is defined as history of the development of character, in fact, again not right. If the things but not people, to focus on interesting events, legendary, and also into the something presentable to give a profound sense of beauty. Therefore, a good plot, character development history should be.
II, should be good arrangements for the structure of short stories is a kind of short stories
Seeing to partial reflection of the overall language arts, which selection must be strict, dig deeper, though not necessarily the major social themes, but it must reflect the great social significance. Meanwhile, the structural arrangements which should also see the ingenuity, meticulous. < br> arrange the structure of short stories, in general, clue not too heavy, the process can not be stretched too thin, the characters can not be too much, shop should not be too detailed above, the expression should not come clean, not a climax after another. It should be concise focus to less obvious and more. Otherwise, the mixture can easily be written compressed. short stories often have the following types of morphology:
(a) the plot structure
plot structure to structure the development of the incident line Expand the novel entirely in accordance with the causal relationship between events, the occurrence of events is often manifested in a series of causal chain, contractors played, the interlocking, closely. clever author, plot twist often twisted, reversed, so that readers strangeness, sense of wonder, but the novel is still on a very complete story structure. plot structure generally at the beginning of the expansion, development, climax and conclusion, and some have prologue and epilogue. based on expanded plot clues, but also can be divided into single structure, two-lane structure, three-lane structure. single structure is often a line of people through in the end the issue, the plot simple, during occasional turns, twists and turns, lift, etc., but no matter how to change, repeatedly, plot lines are always single . lane structure is characterized by a cross or parallel plot, the former such as Lu Xun's self-esteem, stolen watches were found guilty and go; son were stirred up a new life of love, longing for freedom, the last Jiufan Yu traditional morality. of the two separate stories could interact together to form a whole, the two a space, two people, two different sets of relationships and the pursuit of different emotions, constitute a double reality content. This structure, weakened from beginning to the end of a story of closure, the novel has a broad social content, with modern sense of time and space. There are three or three or more short story plot lines. Sometimes, the author more than three intertwined plot lines, great story, sets of small stories, such as the Article interwoven plot lines parallel advance, forming a network structure, such as Wang Anyi's a structural way, it has the advantage of action, attractive, in line with the general aesthetic practice, but have its limitations: �� event-structure center of attention remain in their own interesting story on the handled well, easy to undermine the portrayal of characters. �� character of the expansion or express feelings, needs enough space, but the plot was put together the vertical structure of great importance to the event can not be displayed to the character development in the lateral aspect of the site with greater and more does not allow time and space from the provisions of the specific circumstances, must always seize the plot development of the clues and put it forward, thus limiting the talent of the creator. �� In order to maintain the integrity of the story, of many generations often have to plot transitions play into work, so too scene is often lost wonderful, is not conducive to character shape. �� plot structure will kaleidoscope generally very rich life refining as a sum of complete life process, so that the novel all the factors are subordinate to the plot development of the causal chain, there can be no free to do so, it is easy to loss of life, the authenticity, richness, gives a fabricated, distorted feel. above limitations, is the plot structure arrangements with particular attention to the place.
(b ) Some people think the circumstances of prose fiction
structure was fabricated too distorted, and tried to avoid the kind of wonderful, dramatic plot, and strive to live according to the natural shape to describe the life, the question arose like a prose novel. the structure of prose the kind of abandoned by the originator, the development of a climax, and then declined to resolve the plot mode, it does not focus on the common plot of tension, not about suspense, gripping drama, it appears that only fragments of seemingly fragmented, Fangfo about everyday life, is not clearly demonstrated, each have their own space, time and space to set a very casual relationship. but a closer experience, comfortable in the stretch there are inherently linked, it is a bit like the prose of the Wang Zeng Qi's The plot, deliberately played down between events direct, clear causal relationship between the writing difficult it is larger. it gives up its gripping story, written in deep need, written in the United States, written in confidence, writing was fair and reasonable, with relish, pleasantly. Although it is written in an open, free, but not lost in confusion, loose, there must be an organic whole.
(c) psychological structure
mental structure known as the stream of consciousness structure . but the process of mental activity by people to organize material, through the characters of memory, association, glimmer, interior monologue, hallucinations, dreams and other inner activities put together clips of life. In this structure, the traditional story can not see the , inner order will replace the order of events, mental time and space instead of physical time and space, life scenes, clips, details of the main screen to show through the characters mind. and this show, there are back to the whirlpool, a back, a light and shade, a jump, time reversal and spatial overlap, there is time and space decomposition and re-combination. psychological structure is the psychological novel approach used by the main structure, but different from the psychological novel. psychological novel psychological character as the main performance targets, and psychological structure, and some focus on the performance of character psychology, and some focus on the reflection of real life. such as Wang Meng's > contemporary Chinese writers used sense of flow of the character structure of the novel framework; realistic description of the scene just as the anchor person stream of consciousness; timing of the reversal and fusion, free association jump plot interludes, psychoanalysis and other forms of consciousness monologue is a common practice their . But the modernist writers stressed the character stream of consciousness non-logical, non-rational, ever-changing, so they are described by the glimmer of the stream of consciousness, disorganized, unrelated, like the spread of the color point of vague flashing screen sense is not strong, to read obscure. stream of consciousness description of Chinese writers, often recalled in nature, the situation rationally, the picture is relatively complete, put together numerous fragments often constitute a psychological integrity of the plot, reflecting the rich content of social life.
psychological structure has the advantage of: �� The structure of psychological processes to work, to work everything from the screen showing the hero's heart out, abandoned the narrative by the narrator, evaluation, description and discussion of the way, has not the traditional novel new quality. �� psychological structure is not the objective constraints of time, you can put different times, different locations at the same time the events of narration, interspersed staggered, or radiation expansion, increasing the performance capacity of the novel. �� to stream of consciousness as the structural framework, in scenes and the scenes between the action figures and action between the atmosphere can be easily omitted those messy transition dull description, free from the pursuit of a coherent story complete a binding surface, drawing and flexible. conducive to the spiritual world of the inner world of characters reveals that people can be quite fully revealed the true mind. but the psychological structure of the constraints is obvious. First of all, works based on the structure of psychological processes, easily written procrastination, trivial, tedious, obscure, often re-sort to the reader, cable solution. On the other hand, this type of work, people want what is often very delicate, but not quite sure what to do, clearly, so that characters introverted and obscure. using psychological structure, paying particular attention to overcoming the problems in this regard.
(d )
montage montage structure learned from the movie the way, there are similarities between it and the plot structure, often have a certain plot lines, but the way the performance of different circumstances. It's plot, often display a strong sense of Place pieces at different times of life, through a set of a set of explain the process, fast-paced, strong sense of visual images, interspersed with nature, change without chaos. But to grasp this structure must be familiar with the art of film Caixing.
(e) plate tectonics
structure consists of several relatively independent the content of the plot, forming a separate take the words directly after the combination together. but read full articles, readers can work inside the invisible line of thought, the various . relationship, neither have a direct correlation, not be intrinsically linked; the same time, deal with colorful, learning to write short stories, the best start with